Significant advantages in machining accuracy, with high specialized precision in segmented fields

High precision grinding processing, grinding machines are widely used for surface finishing of parts

Grinding refers to the precision machining method of using abrasives/grinding tools to remove excess material from a workpiece. Due to its wide adaptability to various workpiece materials and geometric surfaces, grinding is widely used in the mechanical manufacturing industry; According to the shape of the machined surface of the workpiece and the relative motion between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, grinding can be divided into several types of machining, such as outer circle grinding, inner circle grinding, and flat grinding. High grinding accuracy: The grinding accuracy is significantly better than that of turning, boring, milling, etc., with a surface roughness of Ra 12.5~0.01 𝜇𝑚, of which the precision grinding surface roughness is 0.16~0.04 𝜇 m; The surface roughness of ultra precision grinding is 0.04~0.01 𝜇 m; The surface roughness of mirror grinding can reach below 0.01 μ m.

Grinding machine is a machine tool that uses abrasives/grinding tools for grinding processing: widely used for precision machining of parts surfaces, especially for precision machining of quenched steel parts and high hardness special materials. Grinding processing is relatively easy to achieve high processing accuracy and small surface roughness values. Under general processing conditions, the accuracy is IT5-IT6 level, and the surface roughness is Ra 0.32-1.25 μ m; When precision grinding is carried out on a high-precision cylindrical grinder, the dimensional accuracy can reach 0.2 𝜇 m, the roundness can reach 0.1 𝜇 m, the surface roughness can be controlled to Ra 0.01 𝜇 m, and the flatness of precision surface grinding can reach 1000:0.0015.

External/internal/surface grinding machines are widely used: The main development trend of modern grinding machines is to improve the machining efficiency of machine tools, enhance the automation level of machine tools, further improve the machining accuracy of machine tools, and reduce surface roughness values. There are many types of grinding machines to adapt to various machining surfaces, workpiece shapes, and production batch requirements; The most widely used types in production are external cylindrical grinding machines, internal cylindrical grinding machines, and surface grinding machines. In addition, there are specialized grinding machines for grinding parts such as cams, threads, gears, etc.

External cylindrical grinder: an important means of mechanical processing with a wide range of applications

External cylindrical grinding: It is a method of grinding the outer rotating surface of a workpiece using the outer circumferential surface of a grinding wheel. External cylindrical grinding is an important means of manufacturing and processing mechanical components; It can not only process cylindrical surfaces, but also conical surfaces, end faces (stepped parts), spherical surfaces, and special shaped outer surfaces. These grinding methods can be divided into two forms: longitudinal grinding and transverse grinding according to different feed directions. Longitudinal grinding method: When grinding the outer circle, the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel is the main motion. The workpiece undergoes circular feed motion and longitudinal feed motion along the axis of the workpiece with the worktable. At the end of each single stroke or no reciprocating stroke, the grinding wheel performs periodic lateral feed to grind off all the radial allowance of the workpiece, which is currently the most widely used grinding method. Horizontal grinding method: Using this grinding form, when grinding the outer circle, the width of the grinding wheel is larger than the grinding width of the workpiece, and the workpiece does not need to make longitudinal feed motion. The grinding wheel continuously or intermittently makes lateral feed motion along the radial direction of the workpiece at a slow speed until it is ground to the required size of the workpiece.

Internal cylindrical grinder: used for grinding small diameters and machining inner surfaces

Internal cylindrical grinding is mainly used for grinding inner cylindrical surfaces, inner conical surfaces, and end faces. The grinding method of grinding the inner hole of the workpiece with a grinding wheel is called internal cylindrical grinding, which can be carried out on dedicated internal cylindrical grinders or universal external cylindrical grinders with internal grinding heads. Internal grinding can be divided into ordinary internal grinding, centerless internal grinding, and grinding with planetary motion of the grinding wheel. Compared with external cylindrical grinding, internal cylindrical grinding mainly has the following characteristics: ① Processing location: The shape of the processed workpiece is basically similar, mostly used for grinding cylindrical, conical and other shaped workpieces; The difference lies in the part where the workpiece is ground. The internal cylindrical grinder is mainly used to grind the inner surface of the workpiece, while the external cylindrical grinder is mainly used to grind the outer surface of the workpiece Grinding wheel size: The grinding diameter of an internal cylindrical grinder is usually relatively small due to the constraint of the workpiece aperture. Therefore, in order to ensure the machining quality of the workpiece, the grinding wheel used in the internal cylindrical grinder will be relatively soft and small; The size of the grinding wheel on an external cylindrical grinder is much larger than that on an internal cylindrical grinder, and the shape is generally circular Grinding methods: There are four types of grinding methods for cylindrical grinders: longitudinal grinding, transverse grinding, deep grinding, and mixed grinding; The grinding methods for internal cylindrical grinders are only longitudinal grinding and transverse grinding. Longitudinal grinding is suitable for grinding through holes and non through holes, while transverse grinding is suitable for grinding workpieces with shorter lengths.

Surface grinder: The circular grinding method is suitable for fine grinding, and the end grinding method is suitable for rough grinding

A surface grinder is mainly used for grinding flat surfaces on workpieces: when grinding flat surfaces, one surface is generally used as a reference to grind another surface. If two planes need to be ground and are required to be parallel, they can be used as benchmarks for each other and repeatedly ground. There are two commonly used methods for surface grinding: one is to use the periphery of the grinding wheel to grind on a horizontal axis rectangular worktable surface grinder, namely the circumferential grinding method (left a and b); Another method is to use the end face of the grinding wheel to grind on a vertical circular worktable surface grinder, known as end grinding method (left c and d).

The circular grinding method is suitable for fine grinding, while the end grinding method is suitable for rough grinding: when using the circular grinding method to grind a flat surface, the contact area between the grinding wheel and the workpiece is small, the chip removal and cooling conditions are good, the workpiece heating deformation is small, and the wear on the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel is uniform, so good machining quality can be obtained, but the grinding efficiency is low, making it suitable for fine grinding. When using the end grinding method to grind flat surfaces, it is exactly opposite to the circular grinding method. Its grinding efficiency is higher, but the grinding accuracy is lower, making it suitable for rough grinding.

Honing machine: skilled in processing high-precision holes, with a long service life

Honing machine is mainly used for machining high-precision holes: a grinding machine that uses a honing head to hone the surface of the workpiece for precision machining. Mainly used for honing high-precision holes on workpieces in manufacturing industries such as automobiles, tractors, hydraulic components, bearings, and aviation. It has the following processing characteristics: 1) high processing accuracy, higher precision than grinding, and small deviation; 2) The surface has a cross mesh pattern, which is conducive to the storage of lubricating oil and has good surface smoothness of the workpiece; 3) Low grinding speed, wear-resistant, and long service life. There are two types of honing machines: vertical and horizontal. Vertical honing machines have a shorter spindle working stroke and are suitable for honing cylinder bodies and box holes; The honing head embedded with oil stones is driven to rotate by a vertically arranged spindle, while also performing vertical reciprocating feed motion under the drive of a hydraulic device. Horizontal honing machine: with a long working stroke, suitable for honing deep holes, with a depth of up to 3000mm. The horizontally placed honing head does not rotate, only performs axial reciprocating motion, and the workpiece is driven to rotate by the spindle. The middle of the bed is equipped with a center frame supporting the workpiece and a guide frame supporting the honing rod.

Ultra precision grinding: high precision, high efficiency, and low cost

Grinding processing is generally divided into ordinary grinding, precision grinding, high-precision grinding, and ultra precision grinding. Precision grinding mainly relies on the accuracy guarantee of precision grinding machines. Precision grinding mainly relies on the fine dressing of the grinding wheel. Diamond dressing tools are used with extremely small and uniform micro feed (10-15 mm/min) to obtain numerous equal height micro blades, and the surface grinding marks are fine. Finally, spark free polishing is used. Due to the combined effects of micro cutting, sliding extrusion, and friction, low surface roughness and high precision requirements are achieved. The characteristics of ultra precision grinding are high precision, high efficiency, and low cost: ultra precision grinding is a modern grinding method that can achieve the lowest grinding surface roughness and the highest machining accuracy. Ultra precision grinding has the thinnest removal amount and uses a smaller trimming lead and cutting amount to trim the grinding wheel. It relies on the high micro blade grinding effect of ultra-fine abrasive particles and uses a smaller grinding amount for grinding. Ultra precision grinding requires strict elimination of vibration and a constant temperature and ultra clean working environment. The micro friction effect of ultra precision grinding has certain polishing properties. The grinding method that makes the surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.01 μ m and the surface gloss like a mirror is called mirror grinding.

Ultra high speed grinding: one of the most noteworthy and efficient machining technologies

Ultra high speed grinding is known as the "peak of modern grinding technology": ultra high speed grinding technology can greatly improve productivity and product quality, reduce costs, and achieve precision machining of difficult to machine materials and complex surfaces; High speed and efficient CNC grinding equipment will play a crucial role in the competition of the manufacturing industry with technological advantages such as high efficiency, high precision, low energy consumption, and high automation.

Ultra high speed grinding achieves high efficiency, high flexibility, and high precision machining: it is a process method that improves the metal removal rate and quality by increasing the grinding wheel line speed, that is, the grinding speed. High speed grinding with a grinding speed more than 5 times that of ordinary grinding speed is often referred to as ultra high speed grinding. Ultra high speed grinding is a modern machining technology that efficiently and economically produces high-quality parts. It is an advanced manufacturing technology that applies high-efficiency, high-precision, highly automated, and highly flexible grinding equipment to increase the feed rate of grinding, increase the metal specific removal rate and metal removal rate per unit time, and greatly improve the removal rate. It can achieve even higher metal removal rates in turning and milling, and can greatly improve the machining efficiency, precision, and surface machining quality of workpieces.